The First Dictionary Had 2,543 Words. You Wrote the Rest.

Cedar Valley News
August 17, 2026
The First Dictionary Had 2,543 Words. You Wrote the Rest.
By Teresa Nikas

A reader wrote to me last week, genuinely upset, about a word. We had run a column in which someone used impactful, and she wanted me to know, as the editor, how impactful is not a real word, is an abomination, and I ought to be ashamed for letting it into the paper. She signed off certain I would agree and fix it. People write to me like this more often than you would think. They come to the editor the way you come to a judge, expecting a ruling. Is this a word? Is this correct? Settle it.

And for a long time I played the part. I own a red pen and a shelf of usage guides, and I enjoy them both. But somewhere along the way I learned an uncomfortable thing about my own work. I am not the judge of the language. I never was. Nobody is. Language does not answer to me, to my usage guides, or even to the dictionary. It answers to you.

Let me show you what I mean. The first dictionary of the English language was a small book called A Table Alphabeticall, printed in 1604 by a defrocked village priest named Robert Cawdrey. He meant it kindly, as a help to ladies and, in his own words, other unskilful persons who might stumble over the hard words. It held fewer than 3,000 of them. It was the whole of English one careful man thought worth writing down, in the age of Shakespeare.

And here is the joke of it. While Cawdrey was setting down his three thousand words, Shakespeare was making up new ones faster than any list could catch, and so were the sailors and the market women and the schoolboys of London, not one of whom had asked Cawdrey’s permission, or anyone’s. The language was already pouring past him before his ink was dry.

Four hundred years later, the great Oxford dictionary holds more than half a million words, and the honest lexicographers will tell you the true number is beyond any counting. And not one of those words got in by decree. Every last one arrived the same way impactful arrived, and the way rizz and doomscroll and touch grass arrived just this year. Somebody ordinary said it. Then somebody else did. Then enough people said it, for long enough, and the dictionary had no choice but to walk in behind them and write it down.

There is what a dictionary really is. Not a law book. A record of what the people have already decided among themselves. The lexicographer is not the language’s ruler. She is its secretary, hurrying along behind a crowd of millions, taking down what they say.

Which means the word my reader hated is a real word, whether either of us likes it, because the people voted with their mouths, and the people always win. I do not have to enjoy impactful. I am free to keep my own small preferences, and believe me, I do. But I would be lying to her if I pretended I had the authority to strike it, because I do not, and neither does she, and neither does the dictionary.

I find this humbling, and then I find it wonderful. Because it means the language is not handed down to us from some high office of correctness. It rises up out of us, all of us, the whole talking town of the English-speaking world, and it always has. Every word you have ever used is a word somebody ordinary once dared to say out loud before it was ever official.

The next time someone tells you a word you like isn’t a real word, you may tell them, with my blessing as your editor, they are mistaken about how any of this actually works. You are not a guest in the English language. You are one of its authors. You have been writing it your whole life long, every single time you opened your mouth. Cawdrey listed fewer than three thousand words. You and the rest of us wrote the other half a million. Keep writing.

Cedar Valley News has a Facebook group. If you have comments and want to join the conversation, you are welcome. What is a word you love, and someone once told you it was not a real word? Come and tell us. And if we get something wrong, tell us, and we will run the correction. https://bit.ly/40p8jKy

Cedar Valley News is free, and it comes to your inbox every morning, six days a week. If this morning’s editorial was worth your time, please forward it to someone who would value it. And if someone forwarded it to you and you’d like your own each morning, just reply with the word “subscribe.”

This fictorial is part of the fictional Cedar Valley News series, written by Evan Swensen, Publisher, and Claude Marshall, AI Developmental Editor. While the town of Cedar Valley is fictional, the history is real. The first single-language English dictionary, A Table Alphabeticall by Robert Cawdrey, was printed in sixteen hundred and four, during Shakespeare’s lifetime, and contained two thousand five hundred forty-three words; the sole surviving copy of the first printing is held at the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Today the Oxford English Dictionary defines more than half a million words, and lexicographers note the true number of words in English cannot be precisely counted. Dictionaries add new words when a word shows widespread and sustained use, not by decree. Sources include the Bodleian Library, the University of Chicago Press edition of Cawdrey, the Oxford English Dictionary, and Merriam-Webster.

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